White Balance is a setting in the configurations of both photo and video cameras, including smartphone cameras, that adjusts the color temperature of the image. Color temperature defines the character of the light displayed in the picture and is measured in Kelvins (K). White balance allows the camera to adapt automatically or manually to various lighting sources such as daylight, incandescent lamps, fluorescent lamps, and others.
The process of white balance correction is necessary because different light sources emit light of different color temperatures. For instance, daylight can be cooler and more blue, while incandescent lamps produce a warmer, yellowish light. Without white balance correction, the image may acquire undesirable tones.
Adjusting the white balance allows achieving accurate color reproduction and maintaining consistency in the visual perception of colors under different shooting conditions. The correctness of the white balance directly influences how realistic and natural the colors will appear in photographs or video recordings.